Alastair Shephard

Content Writer

Joseph Law

Bumper Content Writer

Want to know how to pass the hazard perception test?

This part of the exam is your gateway to lifelong safe driving. You might’ve heard horror stories from your friends, but with good preparation and confidence, you’ve got nothing to fear.

From prep tips to common pitfalls, here’s everything you need for the hazard perception test in one place.

 is the second part of the UK driving theory test. Once you’ve completed the initial multiple-choice questions, you’ll move on to this section.

In the test, you’ll be shown 14 video clips, each lasting around a minute. They’re filmed from the driver’s perspective and feature realistic road scenarios. 

You need to click the mouse when you see a developing hazard. This would cause you to change speed or direction or take action. 

For example, one scenario could show a pedestrian standing on the pavement. Since they’re not moving towards the road, they’re not a developing hazard.

However, if they suddenly step off the pavement onto a pedestrian crossing, you’d need to slow down or stop, so they’ve become a developing hazard.

Depending on how quickly you react, you can score up to five points for each hazard. The pass mark is 

If you want to know how to pass the hazard perception test, it’s best to learn what to do 

Here are a few common mistakes that hold pupils back from the pass mark:

Think you can get away with clicking everywhere to trigger the hazard? Think again.

If you spam-click the mouse, the system may flag you for cheating and give you zero points. 

It’s OK to click a couple of times if you’re unsure, but keep it natural and avoid clicking in a pattern, as this can also result in no points. 

The test aims to see how quickly you can identify potential hazards.

You won't get the points if you don’t spot the hazard early enough. Remember, part of the score comes from how quickly you notice the developing hazard. 

If you wait until a car has already pulled out or a pedestrian is directly in front of you, it’s too late. Click before anyone is in danger.

Don’t just guess! Make sure you thoroughly understand the test format before you arrive. 

Alongside blogs like this one, watch videos of real test clips and use official DVSA materials so you know exactly what to expect.

Part of learning to drive is understanding the reality of owning a vehicle, including all of the potential negative impacts that come with it (e.g., hazards and surprise repairs). Luckily, 

 can help with the cost of maintaining your vehicle. 

Helpful tips for the hazard perception test

Be ready! Here are a few tips to help you prepare for the hazard perception test:

Know before you go. The DVSA offers practice hazard test clips online and through their app. 

Get familiar with these to know what the scoring system looks for and how to react when it starts. This can give you a boost of confidence and leave you more relaxed on the test day.

Proper hazard perception is all about observation. 

Instead of staring at the centre of the screen, waiting for a hazard, scan left to right and check for movement near pavements, parked cars, side roads, and junctions.

Start practising this technique in real life, too!

Road signs in hazard perception clips don’t always signal a hazard but can offer useful clues. 

For example, a junction or roundabout sign may indicate that an oncoming vehicle might be a hazard. Likewise, pedestrians will be around a zebra crossing.

Using apps and games to sharpen your reaction time can be a fun and effective way to boost your confidence for the test.

You don’t have to do this, but many find it eases their anxiety about clicking in time.

It’s easy to get caught up looking for single hazards.

But keep your eyes peeled! One special clip includes two developing hazards, allowing you to score up to 10 points instead of 5.

The test calls for you to notice developing hazards in good time. But what does this actually look like? Let’s look at a few examples:

How to prepare for the hazard perception test

Preparing for the hazard perception test shouldn’t take hours out of your day. You can practice for short periods every day and arrive with confidence.

The official DVSA app or other trusted driving test resources are extremely accessible and easy to use when you have a few spare minutes, such as on your commute or while relaxing at home. 

If you’re already taking driving lessons, you can ask your instructor to quiz you on hazards as you drive. After all, real-life experience is the best way to prepare.

Getting to grips with the hazard perception test might initially feel overwhelming, but with practice, your knowledge and confidence will grow.

Keep scanning the screen and watch closely for developing hazards as early as possible. Once you know what to look for, it becomes much easier. Good luck!

Once you’ve passed your test, it’s time to take on the real world of driving, which unfortunately can mean last-minute car repairs.

If you're facing unexpected repair costs, consider a 

How To Pass the Hazard Perception Test

The Dacia Duster has a reputation as a no-nonsense, budget-friendly SUV that often punches above its weight. But how reliable is it? Whether you’re thinking about buying one or dealing with a few unexpected issues, this guide breaks down the most common Dacia Duster problems and what they might cost to fix.

The Dacia Duster offers a reliable drive overall, but a few well-known faults do pop up, especially in older models or higher-mileage cars. Some issues are just niggles. Others could become expensive if left unchecked. 

What are the common Dacia Duster problems?

The most reported Dacia Duster problems include gearbox faults, electrical glitches, DPF blockages, clutch wear, and rear axle noise. These issues show up across both petrol and diesel models, though not every car is affected.

Drivers have reported gearbox stiffness, grinding noises, or difficulty shifting, especially in earlier diesel models. In most cases, this comes down to worn synchros or clutch issues. It’s not a deal-breaker, but if left too long, it can become trickier to handle, potentially leading to some inconvenient 

From lighting systems to dashboard glitches, the Dacia Duster has its fair share of electrical issues. Some owners also report faulty airbag sensors or warning lights that won't clear. These tend to be frustrating rather than dangerous, but they can affect MOT results if not fixed.

If you drive mostly short journeys with your Dacia Duster, the DPF can clog up, especially in diesel engines, though this is common in most diesel cars, not just the Duster. Even so, a 

can lead to performance issues, reduced fuel efficiency, and warning lights that won’t go away. A clean-out might sort it, but a full DPF replacement can really set you back.

Some Dacia Duster drivers also experience clutch slipping or sticking, resulting in jerky driving and faster wear. There have also been reports of rear axle noise and vibration in certain situations. Not dangerous, but 

 can be expensive if you’re out of warranty.

In rare cases, airbag warning lights stay on due to sensor faults or loose wiring. A few Dacia Dusters have also had issues with seatbelt tensioners or side airbags not working properly.

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Dacia Duster repair costs vary, but here’s a rough guide on the common faults we’ve discussed based on typical UK garage prices:

Of course, prices vary by your garage, where you live, and whether original manufacturer parts are used, but it’s clear how fast things can add up.

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Dacia Duster problems: A reliability guide

Problemas del Dacia Duster: guía de fiabilidad

Problem- und Pannenübersicht zum Dacia Duster

If you’re eyeing the Mazda MX-30, you're likely wondering about its long-term reliability, repair costs, and overall running expenses. That’s what we’re here to break down today. From day-to-day performance to common issues and more, this guide will help you decide if the MX-30 is the right fit and what to expect down the line.

The Mazda MX-30 is a reliable car, according to those who’ve driven it. And that’s not a huge surprise – Mazda is well known for its dependable engineering. Most owners report a smooth experience with very few faults. But it’s still worth knowing what kind of MX-30 repair costs could come up. 

No car is flawless, and the MX-30 has its share of pain points, including:

That said, these aren’t deal-breakers for most city drivers. And aside from a few minor electrical faults reported early on, there’s little sign of widespread mechanical issues. The MX-30 is a plug-in hybrid, so 

may come up less than with cars that drive solely on combustion engines. 

Let’s talk range, because it’s the number one worry for new EV drivers.

The MX-30’s 35.5 kWh battery gives around 100–110 miles of real-world driving. Not class-leading, but manageable for daily commutes. Plus, less battery = lower 

 and a better environmental impact. Just be aware that battery degradation, although slow, can affect range over time. 

EVs like the MX-30 are definitely affordable to own, especially over 3–5 years. Here’s why:

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What’s the Mazda MX-30 like behind the wheel?

In short? Comfortable, calm, and predictable. The MX-30’s light steering and quiet cabin make it a breeze in town. Plus:

Great for urban routes, school runs, and day-to-day driving. Just don’t expect Tesla-level acceleration.

The MX-30’s cabin is well thought out, with eco-friendly materials and just enough tech to feel fresh, including:

The only downside? Some users find the climate control touchscreen a bit fiddly. But overall, it’s a smart, clean layout.

If the range fits your lifestyle and you value low EV repair costs, good looks, and a reliable badge, the Mazda MX-30 is worth considering. It’s not the biggest or the fastest. But it’s reliable, well-made, easy to live with, and perfect for short daily drives. 

Owning an EV should be worry-free, and that includes any repairs that come your way. With 

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Mazda MX-30 Reliability Guide: What you need to know before buying

The MG HS, a compact SUV from the revitalised British marque now under Chinese ownership, has gained attention for its affordability and generous equipment levels.

However, questions about its long-term reliability remain. This guide dives into common MG HS problems, ranging from recalls to frequently reported issues from owners, to give you the full picture.

The MG HS has received mixed reviews in terms of reliability. According to What Car?'s reliability survey, the HS scored 86.9%, which, although sounds good, is below the class average for medium SUVs.

While this isn’t disastrous, it does indicate that some owners have experienced reliability problems. It's worth noting that MG came dead last as a manufacturer in WhatCar?'s testing.

MG does offer a 7-year warranty, which is a big plus, but it’s still important to understand what issues could arise, especially if you’re looking at buying second-hand.

In May 2023, over 5,100 MG HS Plug-In Hybrid (PHEV) and HS +EV models were recalled due to a fire risk caused by a misplaced carpet underlay affecting the electrical ground stud. The connection in question is related to the PTC unit, which is essentially a heater in an EV. 

Unsurprisingly, MG were keen to get this issue remedied on the 3,000 or so vehicles affected; the same recall was issued in Australia too, affecting even more cars. 

Be sure to check any car you own or buy for recalls by using the 

, and it's also a good idea to check with a main dealer to see if your car has been fixed too.

Owners have experienced infotainment glitches, including the touch screen display freezing or becoming frustratingly slow to respond. While not all are subject to official recalls, these issues can be frustrating and impact day-to-day usability.

Whilst many of these errors were fixed by restarting the system, which required turning the car on and off, this isn’t something you can safely do regularly!

Whilst most HS models sold were hybrid models, a large number of petrol-engined versions were made too. Many owners of these automatic MG HS models have reported jerky gear changes from the dual-clutch transmission (DCT).

This is most noticeable at low speeds, such as when pulling away from a stop. Some owners reported that switching the car to sport mode eases the issue temporarily, but a software update from MG is evidently needed to resolve the issue fully.

From the type and number of build quality complaints found online, it's unsurprising that owners have had issues with interior creaks, rattles and general poor fitment.

Several owners have noted such issues developing in the cabin within the first 12–18 months of ownership. Whilst this is a small issue in the grand scheme of things, owners are rightly miffed.

There are scattered reports of the MG HS experiencing issues with the 12V battery draining, especially when left unused for a few days. There are rumours that this issue is linked to the infotainment system issues mentioned above, but there’s no confirmation of this. 

In most cases, it seems a new battery solves the issue, but in some cases, a new alternator is required. 

The MG HS is undeniably attractive for its price point and high spec. But if reliability is high on your priority list, it’s worth considering these commonly reported issues and comparing them against competitors.

The 7-year manufacturer warranty should give some peace of mind, but double-check if this can be transferred when buying second-hand, and what parts it covers, repair-wise.

If you have an MG HS or any other vehicle that needs repairs, consider spreading the cost with interest-free 

 from Bumper. To start, find your nearest approved partner garage.

 has been writing about cars for over seven years and writing for Bumper for over two, blending his passion for automobiles with a talent for storytelling.

Joseph has written about engineering and cars for Autozilla, Komaspec, and several engineering manufacturers. When he's not writing or tinkering with one of his cars, Joseph dreams of owning an Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale.

MG HS Problems / Reliability Guide

Ist der MG HS zuverlässig?

The Volvo XC40 has garnered attention for its stylish design, safety features, and premium feel. However, potential buyers and current owners often inquire about its reliability. This guide delves into the XC40's reliability, highlighting common problems, recall information, and owner experiences.

The Volvo XC40 holds a good reputation for reliability, though some issues have been reported. In the 2024 What Car? Reliability Survey, the plug-in hybrid versions of the XC40 ranked 7th out of 48 cars in the family SUV class, while petrol variants came in 24th. Volvo as a whole placed 13th out of 34.

Very few owners experienced significant mechanical issues, minor electrical faults were more common, especially with the infotainment and driver aid systems.

Between 2018 and 2024 there were a total of 13 recalls issued for the XC40 in the UK. Most of these only affected a small number of cars, but you should make sure your car, or any prospective purchase, has these recalls fixed.

To check any car for recalls, use the government website 

 Recalls should be fixed by a main dealer, at no cost to the owner.

Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) Software Update/Recall

The AEB system engages the brakes if one of its many sensors detect an imminent collision with another car, pedestrian or object.

However, some XC40 models built after January 21, 2019, experienced issues with the AEB system not activating as intended. A simple software update resolves this problem, which is done at the dealer.

The VCM is an automated system that alerts emergency services of your location in the event of an accident. The issue affected over 7,000 cars.

On some XC40s manufactured between January 1 and October 30, 2018, a software issue affecting the VCM could prevent location information from being sent to emergency services.

A software issue affecting a large number of cars - 18,755 to be exact - can cause the left rear indicator to not work properly. A short-term remedy is to cancel and reapply the indicator, but this can be difficult to do whilst navigating a busy roundabout!

Thankfully t,he fix is pretty simple, a software update that should completely resolve the issue.

Some users have experienced freezing or unresponsive infotainment screens. This can be particularly frustrating as many of the car's vital controls are accessed through this screen. 

A short-term solution is to restart the system by holding down the power button. However, quite a few owners have stated that this fix becomes less and less effective, needing to restart multiple times to get back functionality. 

It seems a dealer-applied software update can help the problem, as is the way with many modern car issues. 

Despite some reported issues, the Volvo XC40 remains a strong contender in the premium compact SUV segment. Its high safety ratings, comfortable interior, and brand reputation contribute to its appeal. 

However, potential buyers should be aware of the reported problems and ensure that any used vehicle has received all necessary updates and recalls.

Spreading out the cost of car repairs can be a real help, especially with those expensive, unexpected bills. This is simple with zero-percent interest financing from Bumper. To start, find your nearest approved partner garage 

Volvo XC40 Problems / Reliability Guide

The Hyundai Tucson has been one of the UK’s most popular crossovers for years, offering value, comfort and a generous spec list as standard. From the older diesel models to the latest hybrid and plug-in hybrid versions, it’s a strong all-rounder in its class.

But how does it fare when it comes to reliability? In this guide, we explore common Tucson issues reported by owners, along with key recalls and known faults that you should be aware of before buying.

Generally, yes – the Hyundai Tucson is considered one of the more reliable options in the compact SUV segment. Hyundai’s five-year unlimited mileage warranty provides peace of mind, and reliability surveys such as those from What Car? have placed the Tucson near the top of their rankings over recent years.

However, like all cars, it’s not entirely fault-free. Owners of both diesel and hybrid models have reported recurring issues with electronics, the DCT gearbox, and occasional engine sensor faults.

DCT Gearbox Jerking / Hesitation (Hybrid & PHEV Models)

Some owners of hybrid and plug-in hybrid Tucsons have reported hesitation or jerky gear changes when pulling away or during low-speed manoeuvres. This is most often linked to the dual-clutch transmission (DCT), which can struggle at lower speeds or when crawling in traffic.

In some cases, the cause of the issue is down to a flywheel fault that needs attention and can be costly if out of warranty, however, most issues are eased with a clutch recalibration at the dealership.

Common in older 1.6 and 2.0 CRDi diesel Tucsons, a failed NOx sensor can trigger the engine management light and put the car into limp mode. This is a known issue and is easily fixed, but a replacement sensor typically costs several hundred pounds, including labour to fit.

Hyundai has acknowledged this fault in certain batches and has issued Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs) for affected vehicles, although it hasn't been classed as a full recall in the UK.

To check what recalls your car has received, regardless of the model, use the 

Electrical Gremlins and Infotainment Freezes

Some owners, particularly of the latest generation models with the 10.25-inch touchscreen and digital cluster, have reported infotainment system glitches. These include unresponsive touchscreens, slow navigation systems, and the display freezing entirely.

With many controls, including the sat nav and some climate controls, accessed through the screen, this can be more than just annoying. Thankfully, most of these bugs can be resolved with a software update from the dealer. 

Hyundai has pushed several updates to address compatibility with Android Auto and Apple CarPlay, though it remains a point of frustration for some users.

Interior rattles are another relatively minor but common complaint. Some owners report squeaks or rattles from the rear seats or boot area, especially on rough roads. While this doesn’t affect performance or safety, it can be irritating over time.

Hyundai dealerships have been known to add extra foam padding or adjust boot latches to reduce noise, particularly under warranty. Thankfully, the Hyundai standard warranty is one of the best around.

Despite a few known niggles, the Tucson remains one of the best family SUV choices on the market. Its generous warranty, practical layout, and high standard equipment levels make it a solid buy, new or used.

The hybrid and plug-in hybrid versions offer strong fuel efficiency, and if you prefer a petrol or diesel engine, the earlier models are known for their reliability when well-maintained. Just keep in mind the potential DCT quirks and occasional electrical issues – and make sure the service history is up to date.

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Hyundai Tucson Problems / Reliability Guide

The Volkswagen Golf Bluemotion has long been a go-to for UK drivers looking for an efficient and practical hatchback. With its impressive fuel economy and affordable running costs, the Bluemotion variant of the Golf has been popular among commuters, fleet buyers and private motorists.

However, while the Golf Bluemotion delivers strong on efficiency, is it free from faults? In this guide, we take a closer look at the known issues and real-world problems experienced by owners across the UK.

Overall, the Golf Bluemotion fares reasonably well for reliability. Certain model years, especially earlier Mk6 and Mk7 Bluemotion versions, have shown patterns of specific faults. These include EGR valve issues, DPF (diesel particulate filter) problems, and concerns with the DSG gearbox.

What Car?’s reliability survey gave the 2013 - 2020 Golf a 90% reliability score, but they aren’t completely free from problems. However, many of the more serious issues can be mitigated with preventative maintenance and regular driving, something particularly important for diesel variants.

One of the most frequently reported problems in Golf Bluemotion models, especially diesel variants, is the failure of the EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) valve. Symptoms include a loss of power, 

The EGR valve can become clogged with carbon deposits, particularly in cars used for lots of short journeys. The cost of replacing the valve can be anywhere from £300–£600, depending on labour costs and model year.

Some owners have also reported carbon build-up in the intake manifold, leading to reduced performance and fuel economy.

All Bluemotion diesel engines are fitted with a DPF, or 

 However, these filters require regular high-temperature runs to self-clean through a process called regeneration. When used mainly for short trips or urban driving, the DPF cannot reach the required temperature to regen, leading to issues.

This issue is common among many modern diesel cars, not just Volkswagens, but is a known weak spot in Bluemotion models when not driven appropriately.

Many Bluemotion Golfs were sold with a DSG automatic gearbox. These offer great efficiency and performance, but need to be maintained to avoid costly faults. A bad DSG gearbox will cause: 

These issues can stem from mechatronic unit faults or clutch pack wear, particularly in earlier Mk6 models. Repairs can be costly, upwards of £1,200, so it’s vital to check the car's service history for those all-important gearbox service receipts.

It’s worth noting that VW extended some warranties on DSG boxes due to widespread issues in earlier production years.

Many Bluemotion models come with automatic start/stop systems to improve fuel efficiency. However, several owners have reported that the system:

While often just an annoyance, issues with the start/stop system can sometimes relate to low battery charge or faulty sensors. 

This may just be a symptom of the car's age, with most batteries only lasting around 5 years, but it’s worth checking that the start-stop function works effectively on any prospective car.

Despite these known faults, the Golf Bluemotion remains a very popular and sensible choice for many UK drivers, particularly for those doing regular long-distance driving where the diesel engines perform best.

That said, buyers should avoid high-mileage examples without full service history, and look for cars that have not had DPF issues, and have the DSG gearbox serviced. 

For those doing mostly short trips or city driving, a petrol or hybrid alternative may be more reliable and cost-effective in the long run.

If your car, regardless of if it’s a Volkswagen Golf or Porsche, develops an expensive issue, Bumper could help by spreading out your car repair costs with easy 

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VW Golf Bluemotion Problems / Reliability Guide

This question is popping up more and more for Brits these days. What used to be a go-to engine is now uncertain for shoppers. 

From stricter emissions regulations to evolving technology, we have more options, and making a decision is tougher than ever. 

Let’s look at the pros and cons of purchasing a diesel car in the current market. 

Diesel engines aren’t a complete no-go. In fact, for certain drivers, they still make a whole lot of sense! 

Here are a few benefits and positive reasons to choose a diesel engine.

Diesel engines are inherently more fuel-efficient than their petrol counterparts, particularly for larger SUVs or frequent long motorway drives.

If your idea of a short drive is further than your local shops, a diesel could save you a tidy sum at the pumps. But a diesel might not be the best bet if you rarely hit the road for long.

Diesel cars will always be associated with towing, as they produce more torque at lower RPMs, which means they’re excellent for towing, climbing hills, and overtaking slow-moving lorries. 

Diesel engines are built to withstand higher compression ratios and typically have a longer lifespan than petrol engines. 

When properly maintained, a diesel car can rack up hundreds of thousands of miles, making it appealing to high-mileage drivers who want a car that goes the distance. 

 to tackle those last-minute service bills.

Diesel cars can still be a good option for long trips and may save money under current tax rules (depending on your company’s policy). 

But for the best long-term savings, especially with company car tax perks, electric cars are the smarter choice.

When buying a used car, bigger diesel models often keep their value better than petrol ones. 

Newer diesels that meet Euro 6 standards also hold their value since they’re exempt from charges in clean air zones like London’s ULEZ.

But looking ahead, it’s unclear how used diesel prices will change after the 2035 ban on new diesel sales. With fewer vehicles on the road each year, a lower supply could help keep prices strong.

While diesel cars still have their strengths, there are now several key drawbacks to consider, especially when considering the modern competitors. 

Many UK cities now operate low-emission or clean air zones, which penalise older diesel vehicles (like London’s Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ).

If your car doesn’t meet Euro 6 emissions standards, you could face daily charges just to drive into town. This typically affects those registered before 2016.

Diesel engines produce more nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter than petrol cars, which can contribute to poor air quality and respiratory issues. 

This is essentially why they’ve become a target in clean air strategies around the UK, and with greener electric options around, people are opting for new, more sustainable alternatives.

Diesel fuel is often more expensive per litre than petrol, and this price gap has widened in recent years. You might still benefit from better fuel economy, the savings aren’t always as clear-cut as they once were.

Sure, EVs have a higher initial cost. But once you look at their monthly running costs, you will notice that diesel engines are suddenly looking much more expensive. 

Advice